*"Ideally, it is best to walk, bicycle, or take public transportation."
*"When purchasing new vehicles, it is best to choose a fuel-efficient car."
*"It is best to choose a place to live that reduces the need to drive."
*Replace heat pumps, windows, lighting, and appliances with energy efficient models.
*"Outside, we don't add seed, fertilizer, herbicides, or water to our lawn." Better yet, don't have a lawn at all, or at least plant a lot of trees all over your yard.
*"Eating meat is one of the most damaging things you can do to the environment," so do it as infrequently as possible or not at all. There are many, many great meat substitutes available these days (check out Quorn if you haven't), and many excellent vegetarian-friendly or fully vegetarian restaurants (if you live in NOVA, you have GOT to eat at Sunflower, some of the best food around and you definitely won't miss the meat!
*"...contribute to several environmental organizations, invest most of our retirement funds in socially-responsible mutual funds, and consistently vote for elected officials who support the environment."
None of these things are hard to do (including eating less meat, which is extremely easy), but if enough of us do them, we will make a big difference. The net results of David Campbell's efforts for himself and his family?
According to the Nature Conservancy's carbon calculator, we are contributing an estimated 38 tons of carbon dioxide per year, about a third the national average of 110 tons for a family of four. We still have a typical middle class lifestyle, without great sacrifice. I do not feel deprived. It's not really that difficult. All it takes is considering the environment as one of the factors in our decisions.
The key phrase: "all it takes is considering..." Words to live by. Or, as Henry David Thoreau said the goal is to "live deliberately" and "simplify, simplify." That's a radical concept in our frenzied, hyper-materialistic, throwaway culture. But it's one that could save us all, not to mention the generations coming after us.
Which lead me to explain the psychological principle of "Diffusion of Responsibility," the theory that the willingness of an individual within a group to assume responsibility is inversely proportional to the size of the group.
Teachers deal with this every day; you can ask a simple question to a classroom full of 30 students and not a single student will answer. It's not because the 30 students are stupid and don't know the answer; they very likely all know the answer, but because each student assumes that one of the other 29 students will volunteer to answer the question, in the end no one will. In small group discussions, students are more-likely to share their answers with the rest of their group, and if a teacher calls on a student to answer a question, because he belongs to a group of one he will assume responsibility for knowing the answer by default.
This relates to the topic of global warming because when it comes to our world-wide carbon footprint, we're suddenly part of a group of several billion people. Probably 20% of us think that Global Warming is a huge problem and we're doing everything we can to stop it. Another large percentage of us don't believe in Global Warming and so won't do anything about it. But the majority of people recognize that yes, Global Warming exists, and yes, it's a problem, but they diffuse their own responsibility by assuming that someone else in the several-billion-person group is going to solve it for them. Consequently, people are hesitant to step up and assume the individual responsibility that David Campbell writes about so well.
What it all comes down to is this: leadership matters. We should all do our part to address Global Warming and reduce our carbon output, but we absolutely must elect leaders who will help move the rest of the nation towards a more-responsible approach to how we manage our energy consumption.
The hardest one for most people is giving up meat. I was talking with someone the other day who came out of the blue (after consuming some steak) and said something like "I don't see how being a vegetarian can possibly be healthy." The gist of his argument was that since it tastes good, it therefore must be healthy or some such. By that logic, I suppose we ought to all go out and get hooked on crystal meth.
My view is that many of these changes will be forced upon us by sharply higher energy costs. Those of us that are "early adopters" can serve as an example to the rest when the status quo becomes unaffordable.
As for me, I'm giving up Beefeater's Gin.